Root kh-l-f خ ل ف
The root kh-l-f (خ ل ف) occurs 127 times in the Qur'an, the 90th most frequent of its 1,642 roots. It appears in 116 verses across 40 of the 114 surahs, as 18 lemmas (dictionary headwords).
At a glance
| Occurrences | 127 ● |
|---|---|
| Rank among 1,642 roots | 90th ● |
| Verses containing it | 116 ● |
| Surahs containing it | 40 of 114 ● |
| In Meccan / Medinan surahs | 82 / 45 ~ |
| Early Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 0 ~ |
| Middle Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 31 ~ |
| Late Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 51 ~ |
| Medinan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 45 ~ |
| As verbs / as nouns and adjectives | 63 / 64 ● |
| Spread across surahs (DP, normalized) | 0.365648 (0 even, 1 concentrated) ~ |
| First occurrence | 2:30 ● |
Counts from the Leeds Quranic Arabic Corpus v0.4 root field. Period and Meccan/Medinan splits depend on a classification; the spread measure is one of several (Numbers).
Lemmas
| Most common form | Part of speech | Count | Surahs |
|---|---|---|---|
| يَخْتَلِفُونَ | verb | 35 | 18 |
| خَلْفَهُمْ | noun / location adverb | 22 | 16 |
| يُخْلِفُ | verb | 14 | 10 |
| مُخْتَلِفًا | noun | 10 | 7 |
| خَلَٰٓئِفَ | noun | 9 | 7 |
| وَٱخْتِلَٰفِ | noun | 7 | 7 |
| خِلَٰفٍ | noun | 6 | 6 |
| فَخَلَفَ | verb | 5 | 3 |
| لَيَسْتَخْلِفَنَّهُمْ | verb | 5 | 4 |
| ٱلْمُخَلَّفُونَ | noun | 4 | 2 |
| ٱلْخَوَالِفِ | noun | 2 | 1 |
| أُخَالِفَكُمْ | verb | 2 | 2 |
● Grouped by the corpus's lemma field. Every lemma is in the lemma-frequencies table.
Most frequent written forms
- يَخْتَلِفُونَ 10×
- ٱخْتَلَفُوا۟ 8×
- تَخْتَلِفُونَ 6×
- خَلْفِهِمْ 5×
- يُخْلِفُ 4×
- خِلَٰفٍ 4×
- خَلَٰٓئِفَ 4×
- وَٱخْتِلَٰفِ 3×
- خَلْفَهُمْ 3×
- خُلَفَآءَ 3×
● Surface forms, with attached prefixes and suffixes.
Where it concentrates
- al-Baqarah 11× · 1.799 per 1,000 word-units
- al-A'raf 9× · 2.711 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Tawbah 8× · 3.203 per 1,000 word-units
- Yunus 8× · 4.364 per 1,000 word-units
- Al ʿImran 7× · 2.011 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Nahl 7× · 3.796 per 1,000 word-units
- Taha 6× · 4.494 per 1,000 word-units
- al-An'am 4× · 1.311 per 1,000 word-units
- Hud 4× · 2.087 per 1,000 word-units
- Maryam 4× · 4.162 per 1,000 word-units
● The ten surahs with the most occurrences, with the rate per 1,000 of each surah's word-units.
Roots it keeps company with
- ب ي ن b-y-n 45 shared verses
- ي د ي y-d-y 21 shared verses
- ل و ن l-w-n 6 shared verses
- و ع د w-ʿ-d 16 shared verses
- ج ع ل j-ʿ-l 22 shared verses
- ص ل ب ṣ-l-b 5 shared verses
- ب ع د b-ʿ-d 18 shared verses
- ا ر ض a-r-ḍ 24 shared verses
~ Ranked by log-likelihood of sharing a verse, one association measure among several (explorer).