Root ʿ-f-w ع ف و
The root ʿ-f-w (ع ف و) occurs 35 times in the Qur'an, the 263rd most frequent of its 1,642 roots. It appears in 31 verses across 11 of the 114 surahs, as 4 lemmas (dictionary headwords).
At a glance
| Occurrences | 35 ● |
|---|---|
| Rank among 1,642 roots | 263rd ● |
| Verses containing it | 31 ● |
| Surahs containing it | 11 of 114 ● |
| In Meccan / Medinan surahs | 6 / 29 ~ |
| Early Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 0 ~ |
| Middle Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 2 ~ |
| Late Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 4 ~ |
| Medinan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 29 ~ |
| As verbs / as nouns and adjectives | 27 / 8 ● |
| Spread across surahs (DP, normalized) | 0.662628 (0 even, 1 concentrated) ~ |
| First occurrence | 2:52 ● |
Counts from the Leeds Quranic Arabic Corpus v0.4 root field. Period and Meccan/Medinan splits depend on a classification; the spread measure is one of several (Numbers).
Lemmas
| Most common form | Part of speech | Count | Surahs |
|---|---|---|---|
| عَفَا | verb | 27 | 9 |
| عَفُوًّا | noun | 5 | 3 |
| ٱلْعَفْوَ | noun | 2 | 2 |
| وَٱلْعَافِينَ | noun | 1 | 1 |
● Grouped by the corpus's lemma field. Every lemma is in the lemma-frequencies table.
Most frequent written forms
- عَفَا 6×
- عَفُوًّا 3×
- وَيَعْفُوا۟ 3×
- ٱلْعَفْوَ 2×
- فَٱعْفُ 2×
- تَعْفُوا۟ 2×
- لَعَفُوٌّ 2×
- عَفَوْنَا 1×
- فَٱعْفُوا۟ 1×
- عُفِىَ 1×
● Surface forms, with attached prefixes and suffixes.
Where it concentrates
- al-Baqarah 9× · 1.472 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Nisa' 6× · 1.601 per 1,000 word-units
- Al ʿImran 4× · 1.149 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Ma'idah 4× · 1.427 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Shura 4× · 4.651 per 1,000 word-units
- al-A'raf 2× · 0.602 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Tawbah 2× · 0.801 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Hajj 1× · 0.785 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Nur 1× · 0.76 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Mujadilah 1× · 2.119 per 1,000 word-units
● The ten surahs with the most occurrences, with the rate per 1,000 of each surah's word-units.
Roots it keeps company with
- غ ف ر gh-f-r 10 shared verses
- ا ل ه a-l-h 23 shared verses
- ح ب ب ḥ-b-b 6 shared verses
- ب ع د b-ʿ-d 6 shared verses
- س و ا s-w-a 5 shared verses
- ا م ر a-m-r 5 shared verses
- ب ي ن b-y-n 7 shared verses
- ك ت ب k-t-b 5 shared verses
~ Ranked by log-likelihood of sharing a verse, one association measure among several (explorer).