Root a-th-m ا ث م
The root a-th-m (ا ث م) occurs 48 times in the Qur'an, the 206th most frequent of its 1,642 roots. It appears in 42 verses across 21 of the 114 surahs, as 5 lemmas (dictionary headwords).
At a glance
| Occurrences | 48 ● |
|---|---|
| Rank among 1,642 roots | 206th ● |
| Verses containing it | 42 ● |
| Surahs containing it | 21 of 114 ● |
| In Meccan / Medinan surahs | 13 / 35 ~ |
| Early Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 2 ~ |
| Middle Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 4 ~ |
| Late Meccan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 7 ~ |
| Medinan (Cairo 1924 periods) | 35 ~ |
| As verbs / as nouns and adjectives | 0 / 48 ● |
| Spread across surahs (DP, normalized) | 0.638032 (0 even, 1 concentrated) ~ |
| First occurrence | 2:85 ● |
Counts from the Leeds Quranic Arabic Corpus v0.4 root field. Period and Meccan/Medinan splits depend on a classification; the spread measure is one of several (Numbers).
Lemmas
| Most common form | Part of speech | Count | Surahs |
|---|---|---|---|
| إِثْمًا | noun | 35 | 12 |
| أَثِيمٍ | adjective | 7 | 7 |
| ءَاثِمًا | noun | 3 | 3 |
| تَأْثِيمًا | noun | 2 | 2 |
| أَثَامًا | noun | 1 | 1 |
● Grouped by the corpus's lemma field. Every lemma is in the lemma-frequencies table.
Most frequent written forms
- إِثْمًا 7×
- ٱلْإِثْمِ 6×
- بِٱلْإِثْمِ 5×
- أَثِيمٍ 5×
- إِثْمَ 4×
- وَإِثْمًا 3×
- إِثْمٌ 2×
- ٱلْإِثْمَ 2×
- إِثْمُهُۥ 1×
- وَإِثْمُهُمَآ 1×
● Surface forms, with attached prefixes and suffixes.
Where it concentrates
- al-Baqarah 13× · 2.126 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Ma'idah 8× · 2.853 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Nisa' 7× · 1.868 per 1,000 word-units
- al-An'am 2× · 0.656 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Mujadilah 2× · 4.237 per 1,000 word-units
- Al ʿImran 1× · 0.287 per 1,000 word-units
- al-A'raf 1× · 0.301 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Nur 1× · 0.76 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Furqan 1× · 1.12 per 1,000 word-units
- al-Shu'ara 1× · 0.759 per 1,000 word-units
● The ten surahs with the most occurrences, with the rate per 1,000 of each surah's word-units.
Roots it keeps company with
- ع د و ʿ-d-w 9 shared verses
- ح ر م ḥ-r-m 6 shared verses
- ك س ب k-s-b 5 shared verses
- ا ك ل a-k-l 5 shared verses
- و ق ي w-q-y 7 shared verses
- ن ف س n-f-s 7 shared verses
- غ ف ر gh-f-r 6 shared verses
- ا ل ه a-l-h 22 shared verses
~ Ranked by log-likelihood of sharing a verse, one association measure among several (explorer).